Research Article
Deciphering Vascular Dynamics Alterations in Sub-Saharan Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes: Overview and Temporal Analysis of Nitric Oxide Administration
Mor Diaw*
,
Awa Ba Diop,
Lorinette Wirth,
Abdou Khadir Sow,
Jean Fidèle Nnang Essone,
Demba Diedhiou,
Djiby Sow,
Aissatou Seck/Diop,
Salimata Houndjo Diagne,
Maimouna Toure,
Maimouna Ndour/Mbaye,
Abdoulaye Ba,
Abdoulaye Samb,
Bamba Gaye,
Rhonda Belue
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
1-12
Received:
7 April 2024
Accepted:
3 May 2024
Published:
24 May 2024
Abstract: Background: Early detection of arterial damage is essential for the primary prevention of complications linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study assessed the cardiovascular risk of sub-Saharan African individuals with T2D, while exploring possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in this population. Methodology: A crossover study of 72 sub-Saharan African adults (36 with T2D and 36 without T2D) was conducted. Outcomes including diameter size (mm) and blood velocity (cm/s) of the brachial artery, were obtained at seven time points: baseline and from 5 seconds to 600 seconds in two conditions: pre- and post Nitric Oxide (NO) administration. HbA1C, fasting glucose, age, BMI, mean arterial pressure (MAP), lipid profile, T2D duration since diagnosis, and binary indicators of insulin and oral diabetes medication were evaluated. Results: NO improved the blood flow compared to the pre-NO after adjustment for clinical factors. The beneficial effect of NO administration on vascular dynamics was influenced by age (B=1.09; 95%IC: 1.07, 1.11), increased BMI (B= 1.03; 95%IC: 1.01, 1.04) and insulin use (B = 1.13; 95%IC 1.10, 1.16). Conclusion: The nuanced impact of these factors on blood flow improvement related to NO necessitates tailored and personalized approaches in managing T2D patients.
Abstract: Background: Early detection of arterial damage is essential for the primary prevention of complications linked to type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study assessed the cardiovascular risk of sub-Saharan African individuals with T2D, while exploring possible mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in this population. Methodology: A...
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Research Article
Effect of Swimming Exercise on Levels of Blood Glucose, Adiponectin, Glucose-6-Phosphatase and Lipid Profile in Diabetic Wistar Rats
Isehunwa Grace Olufunmilayo*,
Layonu Naheemat Mojirade
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
13-20
Received:
20 June 2024
Accepted:
8 July 2024
Published:
23 July 2024
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition that causes persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin action or secretion. Regular physical exercise has been reported to improve glycemia and lipid profile in diabetes. However, literature is scare on the effects of swimming exercise on the serum levels of adiponectin and glucose 6 phosphatase in Wister rats with diabetes This study therefore, investigated the effects of swimming exercise on adiponectin, glucose 6-phosphatase and lipid profile in male Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. This study was carried out on 25 male Wistar rats grouped into five groups (n=5/group): group 1=control, group 2=diabetes, group 3=diabetes treated with metformin, group 4=non-diabetes and swimming exercise, group 5=diabetes and swimming exercise. Animals in groups 2, 3, and 5 were induced with Streptozotocin (STZ) 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally. After 72 hours of diabetes induction, animals with a blood glucose level of ≥ 200 mg/dl were confirmed diabetics and used for the study. Group 3 animals were treated with metformin 200mg/kg giving orally for 28 days. Animals in groups 4 and 5 were subjected to swimming exercises for 5-10 minutes during the first week until they could swim freely for 30 minutes. The animals were then allowed to swim 5 days per week for 28 days. Swimming exercise for 28 days significantly reduced blood glucose, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Ppase), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Total cholesterol (TC), and Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels but caused significant increase in adiponectin and High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in diabetic rats compared with untreated diabetic rats. There was a significant decrease in triglyceride (TG) of diabetic animals caused by swimming for 28 days. This study demonstrated that swimming exercise for 28 days may help lower glucose level and improve insulin sensitivity by increasing adiponectin level and decreasing G6Pase activity in diabetic rats. Also, swimming exercise may help improve lipid profile in diabetic rats.
Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition that causes persistent hyperglycemia due to insulin action or secretion. Regular physical exercise has been reported to improve glycemia and lipid profile in diabetes. However, literature is scare on the effects of swimming exercise on the serum levels of adiponectin and glucose 6 phosphatase in Wi...
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